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Market Education

Learn how stocks, bonds and capital markets work. Explore plain-English explanations, worked examples and charts, then follow related coverage to connect market concepts with current events. Find your way around ECMSource.

Abel’s First 13F: Berkshire Drops UNH, Buys Delta and Macy’s

September 12, 2026May 16, 2026 by Bruno M.
Abel’s First 13F: Berkshire Drops UNH, Buys Delta and Macy’s

Berkshire Hathaway’s Q1 2026 13F closed 16 positions including UnitedHealth, Amazon, Visa and Mastercard while adding a $2.65B Delta stake and tripling Alphabet.

Categories Stock Market, Stocks Tags 13f filing, berkshire hathaway, delta air lines stock, stock market, warren buffett

CLOs Explained: How Collateralized Loan Obligations Work

September 12, 2026May 16, 2026 by Bruno M.
CLOs Explained: How Collateralized Loan Obligations Work

What is a CLO? How collateralized loan obligations slice up leveraged corporate loans into rated tranches and where the AAAs actually stand.

Categories Capital Markets, Market Education Tags capital markets, clo, investing basics, leveraged loans, structured credit

IPO vs Direct Listing vs SPAC: How Companies Go Public

September 12, 2026May 15, 2026 by Bruno M.
IPO vs Direct Listing vs SPAC: How Companies Go Public

A side-by-side guide to the three paths to public markets — traditional IPO, direct listing, and SPAC merger — with real examples and trade-offs.

Categories Market Education Tags capital markets, direct listing, going public, investing basics

What Is the P/E Ratio — and When Does It Mislead?

September 12, 2026May 15, 2026 by Bruno M.
What Is the P/E Ratio — and When Does It Mislead?

P/E in plain English: the formula, a worked example, sector ranges from NYU’s Damodaran, and why the Shiller CAPE near 42 sits within a whisker of the 1999 peak.

Categories Market Education Tags investing basics, pe ratio, shiller cape, stock valuation

Private Credit vs Bank Loans vs Syndicated Loans Explained

September 12, 2026May 14, 2026 by Bruno M.
Private Credit vs Bank Loans vs Syndicated Loans Explained

Private credit, bank loans, and syndicated loans all finance the same companies. Here is how each channel actually works, and where the money sits.

Categories Market Education Tags capital markets, investing basics, leveraged finance, private credit, syndicated loans

Municipal Bonds Explained: GO vs Revenue and the Tax Angle

September 12, 2026May 14, 2026 by Bruno M.
Municipal Bonds Explained: GO vs Revenue and the Tax Angle

Plain-English guide to municipal bonds: GO vs revenue, how the federal tax exemption changes your real yield, and why munis default less than corporates.

Categories Market Education Tags bond market, investing basics, municipal bonds, revenue bonds, tax-equivalent yield

How an IPO Actually Works: S-1, Bookbuilding & Greenshoe

September 12, 2026May 14, 2026 by Bruno M.
How an IPO Actually Works: S-1, Bookbuilding & Greenshoe

From the S-1 registration statement to bookbuilding, allocation, the first trade, and the greenshoe option — a plain-English walk through the modern IPO process.

Categories Market Education Tags greenshoe option, how ipos work, investing basics, ipo bookbuilding, s-1 filing

Yield Curve Explained: Shapes, Forces, and Inversion

September 12, 2026May 13, 2026 by Bruno M.
Yield Curve Explained: Shapes, Forces, and Inversion

A plain-English guide to the Treasury yield curve: what it is, the four shapes, why it can invert, and what each shape says about the economy.

Categories Market Education Tags bond market, interest rates, investing basics, treasury yields, yield curve, yield curve inversion

How Stock Splits Work — and Whether They Actually Matter

October 24, 2026May 13, 2026 by Bruno M.
How Stock Splits Work — and Whether They Actually Matter

A stock split changes the share count but not the company. Here’s what splits actually do, why companies bother, and what the research says about returns.

Categories Market Education Tags berkshire hathaway, investing basics, nvidia stock split, stock market, stock splits

Bond Pricing, Yield, Duration & Convexity Explained

September 17, 2026May 13, 2026 by Bruno M.
Bond Pricing, Yield, Duration & Convexity Explained

Learn how bond prices move with interest rates, what duration really measures, and why convexity matters — with worked examples and real data.

Categories Market Education Tags bond pricing, duration convexity, fixed income investing, interest rate risk, investing basics, yield to maturity
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