The Sharpe Ratio Explained: Formula, Uses, and Traps
Sharpe ratio, made simple: the formula, a worked example, long-run values for stocks, bonds, and Berkshire, and the traps that make it lie.
Sharpe ratio, made simple: the formula, a worked example, long-run values for stocks, bonds, and Berkshire, and the traps that make it lie.
The Sortino ratio measures returns per unit of downside risk, not total volatility. Here is the formula, a worked example, and when to use it.
Maximum drawdown is the worst peak-to-trough loss a portfolio has taken – the single number that captures the pain volatility hides.
How the Sharpe ratio works: the formula, a worked example, common pitfalls, and why William Sharpe himself warned against trusting a single number.